1 00:00:05,840 --> 00:00:08,800 A concentration camp in the Czech Republic, 2 00:00:08,840 --> 00:00:13,680 designed as a publicity stunt to disguise a heartless regime... 3 00:00:13,720 --> 00:00:16,880 For the men themselves, this was about survival. 4 00:00:16,920 --> 00:00:20,400 For their oppressors, it was an attempt to fool the world. 5 00:00:21,840 --> 00:00:27,320 In England, the life of world-famous playwright Oscar Wilde is forever changed. 6 00:00:28,560 --> 00:00:32,360 He was here as a result of one of the first EVER celebrity trials. 7 00:00:36,000 --> 00:00:38,080 An Argentine outpost 8 00:00:38,120 --> 00:00:41,480 that became the flashpoint in a war with Britain... 9 00:00:42,840 --> 00:00:47,720 ..an armada of warships and aircraft carriers set sail from Europe 10 00:00:47,760 --> 00:00:51,560 to this far-flung corner of the South Atlantic Ocean... 11 00:00:53,160 --> 00:00:59,280 ..and in Memphis, a building intended to protect corrupted by its chief. 12 00:00:59,320 --> 00:01:02,800 This guy had absolute, total power. 13 00:01:02,840 --> 00:01:04,560 He was a...a dictator. 14 00:01:13,440 --> 00:01:16,640 In the town of Terezin, in the Czech Republic, 15 00:01:16,680 --> 00:01:18,360 are the remains of a complex 16 00:01:18,400 --> 00:01:22,600 that played its role in one of humanity's most disturbing eras. 17 00:01:27,760 --> 00:01:30,320 We see these well-built structures, 18 00:01:30,400 --> 00:01:33,480 formidable walls rising out of the ground. 19 00:01:33,520 --> 00:01:36,800 The largest building stretches hundreds of feet down the road 20 00:01:36,840 --> 00:01:39,240 but it's really in bad shape. 21 00:01:39,280 --> 00:01:44,160 Further in, it seems that this site was some kind of town. 22 00:01:44,200 --> 00:01:48,480 The streets are lined with neat and orderly blocks. 23 00:01:48,520 --> 00:01:53,040 Evidence suggests the residents were enjoying their lives here. 24 00:01:55,200 --> 00:01:59,880 There were performances, concerts, famous musicians. 25 00:01:59,920 --> 00:02:02,560 The scenes may appear joyous 26 00:02:02,600 --> 00:02:05,520 but the reality could not be further from the truth. 27 00:02:06,840 --> 00:02:10,280 This is a...a really surreal moment of hope 28 00:02:10,320 --> 00:02:14,080 in this otherwise completely hellish space. 29 00:02:14,120 --> 00:02:16,120 Little did they know 30 00:02:16,160 --> 00:02:18,160 most of them only had weeks to live. 31 00:02:25,320 --> 00:02:27,320 HE SPEAKS CZECH 32 00:02:37,000 --> 00:02:41,840 Doctor Tomas Fedorovic first came to Terezin as a student. 33 00:02:41,880 --> 00:02:47,000 What he unearthed inspired him to become custodian of this site's past. 34 00:02:49,600 --> 00:02:52,000 HE SPEAKS CZECH 35 00:03:03,640 --> 00:03:07,440 The fortress, originally constructed in the 1700s, 36 00:03:07,480 --> 00:03:09,320 was an imposing facility 37 00:03:09,360 --> 00:03:12,360 and it caught the eye of the Nazi empire 38 00:03:12,400 --> 00:03:16,840 when parts of Czechoslovakia came under their control in 1938. 39 00:03:19,320 --> 00:03:21,720 HE SPEAKS CZECH 40 00:03:41,160 --> 00:03:44,440 Terezin would become a transit camp 41 00:03:44,480 --> 00:03:48,720 that helped to fulfil the logistical methodology 42 00:03:48,760 --> 00:03:52,720 of the Germans in creating an Aryan nation, 43 00:03:52,760 --> 00:03:58,840 a nation in which the people that they considered to be inferior would be wiped out. 44 00:04:00,680 --> 00:04:05,000 This was once the Theresienstadt ghetto. 45 00:04:05,040 --> 00:04:07,440 It began as a concentration camp 46 00:04:07,480 --> 00:04:13,240 where the Nazis sent the Jewish people they wanted removed from their empire. 47 00:04:13,280 --> 00:04:17,640 At first, the regime touted it as a retirement village, 48 00:04:17,680 --> 00:04:19,720 even describing it as a spa. 49 00:04:19,760 --> 00:04:24,920 So, the first Jewish people to arrive here didn't know what it really was. 50 00:04:27,480 --> 00:04:29,480 DR FEDOROVIC SPEAKS CZECH 51 00:04:34,160 --> 00:04:39,000 They were from Czechoslovakia but soon more came from Austria, 52 00:04:39,040 --> 00:04:41,280 Germany and beyond. 53 00:04:41,320 --> 00:04:45,000 Many of them had, in fact, been German veterans, 54 00:04:45,040 --> 00:04:49,360 people of Jewish heritage who had fought in the First World War: 55 00:04:49,400 --> 00:04:52,560 sports stars, athletes, intellectuals. 56 00:04:52,600 --> 00:04:57,320 These were, in many ways, the cream of the German Jewish population. 57 00:04:58,400 --> 00:05:02,080 Many were well-known internationally, so the Germans 58 00:05:02,120 --> 00:05:06,760 wanted to disguise the true nature of the Theresienstadt facility. 59 00:05:08,040 --> 00:05:10,000 HE SPEAKS CZECH 60 00:05:19,160 --> 00:05:22,760 They had concerts, they had plays, they had music 61 00:05:22,800 --> 00:05:25,120 and they were able to play sports as well. 62 00:05:26,120 --> 00:05:29,280 The central courtyard became a hub for football. 63 00:05:30,360 --> 00:05:34,520 Terezin became the home to Jewish football players. 64 00:05:34,560 --> 00:05:38,920 Some of them were full-time professional footballers, 65 00:05:38,960 --> 00:05:42,000 others were lower league players. 66 00:05:42,040 --> 00:05:46,400 One professional player who ended up here was Paul Mara, 67 00:05:46,440 --> 00:05:50,000 a Jewish man and footballing superstar. 68 00:05:50,040 --> 00:05:53,040 He had played for the Czechoslovakian national team 69 00:05:53,080 --> 00:05:56,280 and several clubs in the United States. 70 00:05:56,320 --> 00:06:02,240 In a cruel twist of fate, he returned to Czechoslovakia in the 1930s. 71 00:06:03,280 --> 00:06:06,840 Here at Terezin, he was among a group of prisoners allowed 72 00:06:06,880 --> 00:06:10,160 to organise and oversee a camp football league. 73 00:06:11,360 --> 00:06:13,360 DR FEDOROVIC SPEAKS CZECH 74 00:06:34,200 --> 00:06:39,080 The League, was made up of 30 teams and 700 players, 75 00:06:39,120 --> 00:06:45,640 with each team representing a group from the ghetto, like gardeners or butchers, 76 00:06:45,680 --> 00:06:50,520 and it wasn't only the inmates who enjoyed the spectacle. 77 00:06:50,560 --> 00:06:52,960 HE SPEAKS CZECH 78 00:06:58,680 --> 00:07:04,600 But by 1943, Theresienstadt had expanded to include Jewish people 79 00:07:04,640 --> 00:07:06,480 from further across Europe, 80 00:07:06,520 --> 00:07:09,960 including Denmark, now under German martial law. 81 00:07:10,000 --> 00:07:14,160 Despite staunch Danish resistance against efforts 82 00:07:14,200 --> 00:07:17,040 to round up the country's Jewish population, 83 00:07:17,080 --> 00:07:19,840 the Nazis caught nearly 500 Jews, 84 00:07:19,880 --> 00:07:23,800 forcing Denmark's king to send them to Terezin. 85 00:07:26,200 --> 00:07:27,440 The King of Denmark, 86 00:07:27,480 --> 00:07:31,080 he insists that the Danish Red Cross are allowed into the city 87 00:07:31,120 --> 00:07:33,920 to make sure they're being cared for properly. 88 00:07:33,960 --> 00:07:38,240 For the controllers at the camp, this would be a test. 89 00:07:38,280 --> 00:07:43,240 It appeared as if the people here were being given a more lenient, 90 00:07:43,280 --> 00:07:47,800 more affable lifestyle than those in other camps 91 00:07:47,840 --> 00:07:50,480 but this had a more sinister purpose. 92 00:07:52,040 --> 00:07:58,920 By now, the Nazis had solidified their plan to annihilate the Jewish people 93 00:07:58,960 --> 00:08:01,480 and they were sending inmates from Terezin 94 00:08:01,520 --> 00:08:03,640 to death camps across their empire. 95 00:08:05,160 --> 00:08:10,360 Initially, this camp was designed for between six and 7,000 people 96 00:08:10,400 --> 00:08:14,160 but in the height of the conflicts, 97 00:08:14,200 --> 00:08:16,800 it was housing eight times that number. 98 00:08:18,160 --> 00:08:21,680 So, in order to satisfy the Danish Red Cross, 99 00:08:21,720 --> 00:08:25,760 the Nazis would have to escalate their programme of extermination 100 00:08:25,800 --> 00:08:28,240 to bring the camp's population down. 101 00:08:29,640 --> 00:08:35,480 7,000 inmates were removed and sent to camps elsewhere. 102 00:08:35,520 --> 00:08:38,280 Many of them, in fact, erm...were killed. 103 00:08:39,320 --> 00:08:45,400 Inmates that looked sickly were also physically removed. 104 00:08:45,440 --> 00:08:48,680 The eyes of the world were about to descend on Terezin, 105 00:08:48,720 --> 00:08:51,400 so the Nazis were prepared to put on a show. 106 00:08:52,400 --> 00:08:54,600 They have this whole beautification campaign. 107 00:08:54,640 --> 00:08:58,880 They make the prisoners paint houses, plant gardens, do anything 108 00:08:58,920 --> 00:09:03,440 that would make it look beautiful, clean, safe, healthy. 109 00:09:03,480 --> 00:09:05,400 THEY SING 110 00:09:05,440 --> 00:09:11,080 They even put on a children's opera in a hall built specially for the occasion. 111 00:09:12,680 --> 00:09:17,200 The delegation concluded the conditions at the camp were adequate 112 00:09:17,240 --> 00:09:19,920 but the show wasn't over. 113 00:09:21,560 --> 00:09:23,680 The Nazis see a real opportunity here, 114 00:09:23,720 --> 00:09:27,240 so they decide they're going to make a new piece of propaganda. 115 00:09:27,280 --> 00:09:31,360 They use the filmmaker Kurt Gerron to make a documentary. 116 00:09:33,080 --> 00:09:35,960 Kurt Gerron was a Jewish film director, 117 00:09:36,000 --> 00:09:38,080 and he was being FORCED 118 00:09:38,120 --> 00:09:42,400 to film the activities at Terezin for the sake of his life 119 00:09:42,440 --> 00:09:46,480 and for the sake of the life of his own wife and family. 120 00:09:46,520 --> 00:09:48,520 HE SPEAKS CZECH 121 00:10:02,960 --> 00:10:04,640 And the Nazis were keen 122 00:10:04,680 --> 00:10:08,400 to show how much the inmates enjoyed their football. 123 00:10:08,440 --> 00:10:10,480 DR FEDOROVIC SPEAKS CZECH 124 00:10:33,800 --> 00:10:35,080 But it painted a picture 125 00:10:35,120 --> 00:10:37,480 that couldn't have been in starker contrast 126 00:10:37,520 --> 00:10:40,640 to the horrors unfolding within these walls. 127 00:10:41,960 --> 00:10:45,680 When filming wrapped, the genocide continued 128 00:10:45,720 --> 00:10:49,200 and a wave of transports departed Terezin, 129 00:10:49,240 --> 00:10:52,640 bound for the death camp at Auschwitz. 130 00:10:52,680 --> 00:10:54,680 HE SPEAKS CZECH 131 00:11:07,200 --> 00:11:11,160 Even the film's director, Kurt Gerron, was killed. 132 00:11:11,200 --> 00:11:15,520 In the end, the film was never made public during the war. 133 00:11:17,040 --> 00:11:20,240 They made this project to try to fool the world, 134 00:11:20,280 --> 00:11:22,640 but by the time they were finished with it, 135 00:11:22,680 --> 00:11:24,480 everyone knew what they had done. 136 00:11:24,520 --> 00:11:29,480 On May 9th, 1945, the Soviets finally liberate the town 137 00:11:29,520 --> 00:11:32,280 and they found terrible horrors within. 138 00:11:34,000 --> 00:11:39,320 More than 150,000 Jewish people were brought to Terezin. 139 00:11:39,360 --> 00:11:42,400 35,000 died here because, in reality, 140 00:11:42,440 --> 00:11:47,680 the living conditions were intentionally harsh to hasten death 141 00:11:47,720 --> 00:11:51,920 and a further 88,000 were sent to death camps in Poland. 142 00:11:54,080 --> 00:11:56,080 HE SPEAKS CZECH 143 00:12:20,600 --> 00:12:24,920 Because of the spotlight placed on Terezin by the Danish authorities, 144 00:12:24,960 --> 00:12:28,840 many of the Danish Jewish people survived the conditions here, 145 00:12:28,880 --> 00:12:31,800 as did the renowned footballer Paul Mara. 146 00:12:32,960 --> 00:12:37,600 After the war, he returned to live out his days in the United States, 147 00:12:37,640 --> 00:12:39,040 dying in 1985. 148 00:12:40,280 --> 00:12:42,640 He described playing football here 149 00:12:42,680 --> 00:12:46,640 as a kind of comfort in hell's waiting room. 150 00:12:46,680 --> 00:12:48,800 But many were not so fortunate, 151 00:12:48,840 --> 00:12:53,240 and the remnants of the Terezin ghetto still stand today 152 00:12:53,280 --> 00:12:56,160 in testimony to those who perished here. 153 00:12:59,640 --> 00:13:03,920 In southern England, is a domineering building that's synonymous 154 00:13:03,960 --> 00:13:06,360 with a monumental fall from grace. 155 00:13:12,240 --> 00:13:13,560 We're in the town of Reading. 156 00:13:13,600 --> 00:13:15,960 It's just a short train ride out of London. 157 00:13:16,000 --> 00:13:19,800 It's a busy town full of commuters, shops, homes 158 00:13:19,840 --> 00:13:23,160 but tucked away right in the middle is a hulking eyesore. 159 00:13:25,040 --> 00:13:28,720 Behind the brick wall is an enormous red brick building. 160 00:13:28,760 --> 00:13:32,120 It has Victorian features, castellated windows. 161 00:13:33,280 --> 00:13:37,040 You almost feel like you could be looking at a royal palace from some angles 162 00:13:37,080 --> 00:13:39,560 but the reality is much less dignified. 163 00:13:40,560 --> 00:13:44,280 Once you're inside, it's clear this can only be a prison. 164 00:13:44,320 --> 00:13:50,040 Long corridors, rows of cell blocks and a gloomy, oppressive air. 165 00:13:50,080 --> 00:13:54,840 Within these walls, a severe form of punishment was tested. 166 00:13:54,880 --> 00:13:56,920 This is not a prison 167 00:13:56,960 --> 00:14:02,480 based on idealistic attitudes of reforming criminals. 168 00:14:02,520 --> 00:14:06,160 Instead, it's almost a scientific application of punishment. 169 00:14:07,440 --> 00:14:09,920 It's the last place you'd expect to find 170 00:14:09,960 --> 00:14:13,880 one of the most celebrated figures of British high society. 171 00:14:15,280 --> 00:14:16,320 One man entered the jail 172 00:14:16,360 --> 00:14:19,600 and changed its place in history forever. 173 00:14:19,640 --> 00:14:22,040 His arrest shocked the country. 174 00:14:22,080 --> 00:14:24,720 At the time, he was already a household name 175 00:14:24,760 --> 00:14:27,920 but he was reduced to prisoner C33. 176 00:14:29,400 --> 00:14:33,240 He was here as a result of one of the first EVER celebrity trials. 177 00:14:39,160 --> 00:14:41,800 Matthew Sturgis has written extensively 178 00:14:41,840 --> 00:14:44,440 about the prison's most famous inmate 179 00:14:44,480 --> 00:14:47,720 and the inhumane conditions he faced. 180 00:14:48,920 --> 00:14:54,080 This is...somewhere where your personality is...is sort of negated. 181 00:14:54,120 --> 00:14:58,760 The whole building is designed to limit your sense of self 182 00:14:58,800 --> 00:15:00,600 and your sense of agency. 183 00:15:01,920 --> 00:15:06,400 The reason for this jail's existence dates back to the 18th century, 184 00:15:06,440 --> 00:15:09,800 when it was designed to solve an unique problem. 185 00:15:11,960 --> 00:15:17,400 For more than a century, Britain had sentenced many of its criminals 186 00:15:17,440 --> 00:15:19,120 to what was known as transportation. 187 00:15:19,160 --> 00:15:23,600 They would be sent halfway around the world to Australia 188 00:15:23,640 --> 00:15:27,440 but by the mid-19th century, that process was coming to an end. 189 00:15:28,480 --> 00:15:29,880 The result of this, though, 190 00:15:29,920 --> 00:15:33,000 was if you stop sending them off to be Australia's problem, 191 00:15:33,040 --> 00:15:34,760 they're going to start piling up at home. 192 00:15:36,920 --> 00:15:39,480 When London's prisons became overcrowded, 193 00:15:39,520 --> 00:15:44,200 the government looked outside the capital to build somewhere new. 194 00:15:44,240 --> 00:15:47,400 This is Reading Gaol. 195 00:15:47,440 --> 00:15:51,120 Every inch of its design epitomised the latest philosophy 196 00:15:51,160 --> 00:15:53,240 on how to punish criminality. 197 00:15:54,760 --> 00:15:57,800 It was decided that prison should be less of a place for reform, 198 00:15:57,840 --> 00:16:02,440 but rather a terrifying and torturous place to deter people from crime. 199 00:16:03,440 --> 00:16:06,880 Reading Gaol, in its early years, was full of the typical kind 200 00:16:06,920 --> 00:16:11,400 of criminal you'd imagine here: thieves, debtors, murderers. 201 00:16:11,440 --> 00:16:13,240 But the laws were about to change 202 00:16:13,280 --> 00:16:17,680 in a way that would bring an entirely new kind of felon into the prison. 203 00:16:19,560 --> 00:16:23,960 Homosexuality had been illegal in Britain for hundreds of years 204 00:16:24,000 --> 00:16:30,200 but in 1885, a new law nicknamed the Blackmailer's Charter was introduced. 205 00:16:31,240 --> 00:16:34,560 What it did was it extended the grounds for which somebody 206 00:16:34,600 --> 00:16:38,360 could be prosecuted to the point where, even if two men exchanged 207 00:16:38,400 --> 00:16:41,600 friendly letters where they expressed affection for each other, 208 00:16:41,640 --> 00:16:43,960 that could be grounds for prosecution. 209 00:16:45,240 --> 00:16:49,960 This would have grave implications for one of Britain's most famous writers. 210 00:16:52,880 --> 00:16:55,680 Oscar Wilde was a household name at this time. 211 00:16:55,720 --> 00:16:58,280 He was a celebrated poet and playwright, 212 00:16:58,320 --> 00:17:00,800 had shows on in the West End, published books, 213 00:17:00,840 --> 00:17:03,840 and mingled with the literary elite of London. 214 00:17:03,880 --> 00:17:07,520 His books and his plays were enormously popular 215 00:17:07,560 --> 00:17:12,800 and he himself was a very public figure who liked attention 216 00:17:12,840 --> 00:17:16,400 but that was also... putting his freedom at risk, 217 00:17:16,440 --> 00:17:18,800 especially in this new climate. 218 00:17:20,400 --> 00:17:26,240 He was, apparently, happily married to this lovely wife, Constance. 219 00:17:26,280 --> 00:17:28,160 He had two small children 220 00:17:28,200 --> 00:17:33,280 but he'd been engaged in a passionate love affair relationship 221 00:17:33,320 --> 00:17:38,480 with this young English aristocrat, Lord Alfred Douglas. 222 00:17:38,520 --> 00:17:41,800 Douglas's father happened to be an important and public figure, 223 00:17:41,840 --> 00:17:43,280 the Marquess of Queensberry. 224 00:17:44,320 --> 00:17:48,680 The stories floating around about his son and Wilde could land him in hot water. 225 00:17:49,800 --> 00:17:53,520 When the Marquess publicly confronted Wilde about his actions, 226 00:17:53,560 --> 00:17:55,400 Wilde sued him for libel... 227 00:17:56,680 --> 00:17:58,440 ..but when he lost in court, 228 00:17:58,480 --> 00:18:03,240 the Crown brought charges against the author for sodomy and gross indecency. 229 00:18:05,920 --> 00:18:08,040 Wilde had a decision to make, 230 00:18:08,080 --> 00:18:11,360 flee the country or stay to fight the charges 231 00:18:11,400 --> 00:18:15,400 and, unfortunately, he was too stubborn for his own good. 232 00:18:16,480 --> 00:18:20,560 He made the ill-advised decision to stay and fight the charges, 233 00:18:20,600 --> 00:18:23,160 thinking he would be let off the hook. 234 00:18:23,200 --> 00:18:26,480 He was found guilty and sent to a prison in London, 235 00:18:26,520 --> 00:18:30,120 where one of his punishments was hard labour. 236 00:18:30,160 --> 00:18:33,240 What he faced was practically torture. 237 00:18:33,280 --> 00:18:34,920 They employed the crank, 238 00:18:34,960 --> 00:18:38,880 which was just a stiff rotating handle attached to nothing... 239 00:18:39,880 --> 00:18:41,400 ..and the treadmill, where prisoners 240 00:18:41,440 --> 00:18:45,080 were forced to walk around like hamsters for hour on end. 241 00:18:46,280 --> 00:18:50,440 There's no doubt that when he began his prison sentence in London, 242 00:18:50,480 --> 00:18:55,840 he was...absolutely crushed by the...the horror. 243 00:18:56,960 --> 00:19:01,480 Wilde was transferred to Reading Gaol in November 1895... 244 00:19:02,480 --> 00:19:04,560 ..but his situation didn't improve. 245 00:19:05,600 --> 00:19:08,920 While there, he faced a brutal form of incarceration 246 00:19:08,960 --> 00:19:10,800 known as the Separate System. 247 00:19:12,960 --> 00:19:18,720 This system was all about isolation as a form of punishment and pacification. 248 00:19:19,760 --> 00:19:21,120 Even when they left their cells, 249 00:19:21,160 --> 00:19:23,720 they were forced to put on something called a Scotch cap, 250 00:19:23,760 --> 00:19:25,240 a kind of leather contraption, 251 00:19:25,280 --> 00:19:27,320 leather hood that obscured their face 252 00:19:27,360 --> 00:19:31,440 and made it difficult for people to talk to each other or even recognise each other. 253 00:19:31,480 --> 00:19:33,600 It was literally dehumanising. 254 00:19:36,960 --> 00:19:43,520 Within these walls, Wilde was reduced to the number of his cell: C33. 255 00:19:46,080 --> 00:19:51,960 It is extraordinary to think that this is...Oscar's cell. 256 00:19:53,440 --> 00:19:58,080 The narrowness of the door, the narrowness of the room. 257 00:19:59,160 --> 00:20:04,200 And he would have spent 20 hours of each day 258 00:20:04,240 --> 00:20:07,160 looking at these...these walls... 259 00:20:08,480 --> 00:20:11,480 ..that door...that window. 260 00:20:12,600 --> 00:20:15,680 This must have felt like a massive fall from grace. 261 00:20:15,720 --> 00:20:19,320 He was used to crowds applauding him in the theatre. 262 00:20:19,360 --> 00:20:22,080 In a letter to the Home Secretary, 263 00:20:22,080 --> 00:20:23,880 he begged for the end of his sentence. 264 00:20:25,160 --> 00:20:26,240 Wilde wrote: 265 00:20:26,280 --> 00:20:29,320 "This silence, this solitude, 266 00:20:29,400 --> 00:20:34,480 this isolation from all human and humane influences. 267 00:20:34,520 --> 00:20:38,000 This tomb for those who are not yet dead." 268 00:20:39,800 --> 00:20:44,320 Soon after writing these heartfelt words, Wilde witnessed an event 269 00:20:44,360 --> 00:20:48,240 that inspired one of his last great works as a writer. 270 00:20:51,800 --> 00:20:55,160 In 1896, one of Wilde's fellow inmates 271 00:20:55,200 --> 00:20:59,440 was taken into this courtyard for his execution. 272 00:20:59,480 --> 00:21:05,960 Wilde watched the whole execution and found it deeply upsetting and horrifying, 273 00:21:06,000 --> 00:21:10,640 and that became the impetus for his final great work. 274 00:21:15,560 --> 00:21:18,240 When he finished his two-year sentence, 275 00:21:18,280 --> 00:21:21,720 Wilde was a shell of his former self in every way 276 00:21:21,760 --> 00:21:24,520 and his reputation was entirely ruined. 277 00:21:25,760 --> 00:21:27,680 An immense sense of shame shrouded Wilde 278 00:21:27,720 --> 00:21:31,040 and he couldn't stand to be seen in his old circles in London. 279 00:21:32,240 --> 00:21:37,560 After his release in 1897, Wilde exiled himself in France... 280 00:21:39,200 --> 00:21:42,160 ..and his forbearing wife finally cut him off 281 00:21:42,200 --> 00:21:45,680 when he refused to give up his lover, Lord Alfred. 282 00:21:47,280 --> 00:21:51,320 In France, he wrote a poem about the execution: 283 00:21:51,360 --> 00:21:54,120 The Ballad Of Reading Gaol. 284 00:21:54,160 --> 00:21:58,480 It was published under the name of his cell, C33. 285 00:22:00,720 --> 00:22:06,720 And there was something that would draw on the horrors of the prison world, 286 00:22:06,760 --> 00:22:10,680 the horrors to which he'd been subjected by the British legal system 287 00:22:10,720 --> 00:22:13,640 and it would transmute them into art. 288 00:22:14,960 --> 00:22:19,960 It was a remarkable poem and it was remarkably received. 289 00:22:23,280 --> 00:22:28,640 On the 30th November, 1900, just three years after his release, 290 00:22:28,680 --> 00:22:31,560 Oscar Wilde died of meningitis in Paris. 291 00:22:32,760 --> 00:22:34,400 The truth was inescapable. 292 00:22:34,440 --> 00:22:37,160 The two years in jail had undermined his health. 293 00:22:38,200 --> 00:22:43,360 Reading Gaol, I think, is one of THE key... 294 00:22:43,400 --> 00:22:44,720 elements in Oscar's life. 295 00:22:44,760 --> 00:22:51,040 I mean, the only location, the only address which he turned into a work of art. 296 00:22:57,920 --> 00:23:03,200 Reading Gaol continued operating throughout the 20th century 297 00:23:03,240 --> 00:23:06,600 but in 2014 it was closed for good. 298 00:23:07,840 --> 00:23:14,840 Now, there is a movement to make sure the legacy of its most famous inmate is not forgotten. 299 00:23:16,760 --> 00:23:18,920 There's been a push to save Reading Gaol. 300 00:23:18,960 --> 00:23:22,880 Celebrities like Kate Winslet, Natalie Dormer and Kenneth Branagh 301 00:23:22,920 --> 00:23:24,680 have all backed the campaign. 302 00:23:31,880 --> 00:23:33,880 In downtown Memphis, 303 00:23:33,920 --> 00:23:38,160 a bastion of institutional corruption hides in plain sight. 304 00:23:44,120 --> 00:23:45,920 We're right at the heart of the city 305 00:23:45,960 --> 00:23:48,800 and it projects this sense of power and authority. 306 00:23:48,840 --> 00:23:53,040 But the domineering edifice belies the dereliction within. 307 00:23:54,160 --> 00:23:59,920 The main entrance is fenced off, the windows are boarded up. 308 00:23:59,960 --> 00:24:04,880 It makes you wonder... what happened here? 309 00:24:04,920 --> 00:24:10,320 Above the building's grand entrance is etched an indelible clue. 310 00:24:10,360 --> 00:24:11,880 In faded lettering, 311 00:24:11,920 --> 00:24:15,920 above the door reads Memphis Police Station. 312 00:24:15,960 --> 00:24:18,720 This was clearly an impressive station. 313 00:24:19,920 --> 00:24:22,080 This now forsaken structure 314 00:24:22,080 --> 00:24:26,320 was built by a man who reigned over Memphis for decades 315 00:24:26,360 --> 00:24:30,840 and who used the people inside to do his dirty work. 316 00:24:30,880 --> 00:24:32,640 He would stop at nothing 317 00:24:32,680 --> 00:24:36,360 to control this city and even the entire state. 318 00:24:36,400 --> 00:24:38,920 Everyone was expected to do his bidding 319 00:24:38,960 --> 00:24:42,000 and if they didn't... there would be consequences. 320 00:24:47,560 --> 00:24:49,240 In the early 1900s, 321 00:24:49,280 --> 00:24:53,760 the city of Memphis was experiencing rapid growth 322 00:24:53,800 --> 00:24:56,440 but with that came a downside. 323 00:24:58,400 --> 00:25:01,640 A railroad hub driven by cotton industry 324 00:25:01,680 --> 00:25:03,440 and the trade along the Mississippi. 325 00:25:03,480 --> 00:25:07,560 Business was booming but as the population surged, 326 00:25:07,600 --> 00:25:11,520 overcrowding, substandard living conditions and crime 327 00:25:11,560 --> 00:25:13,320 became serious social issues. 328 00:25:14,680 --> 00:25:18,040 An ambitious local businessman saw an opportunity 329 00:25:18,080 --> 00:25:23,040 and used it to launch his ruthless rise to power by running for mayor 330 00:25:23,080 --> 00:25:26,240 on a Democratic ticket to clean up the city. 331 00:25:28,360 --> 00:25:31,160 There was a new political player on the scene 332 00:25:31,200 --> 00:25:35,880 and someone wanted to shake it up and that was Edward Hull Crump. 333 00:25:35,920 --> 00:25:38,440 When he was elected mayor in 1910, 334 00:25:38,480 --> 00:25:42,280 Crump began work on a complex of these, you know, 335 00:25:42,320 --> 00:25:44,120 grand structures downtown. 336 00:25:45,360 --> 00:25:49,480 In 1911, work began on a new police headquarters building. 337 00:25:51,240 --> 00:25:54,920 This building was crucial to his strategy. 338 00:25:54,960 --> 00:25:58,200 It was called Memphis Central Police Station. 339 00:25:59,960 --> 00:26:03,320 Along with their new headquarters, the department recruited 340 00:26:03,360 --> 00:26:08,440 more officers and invested in cutting edge patrol vehicles. 341 00:26:08,480 --> 00:26:12,960 The Memphis Police were becoming a modern and efficient police force, 342 00:26:13,000 --> 00:26:15,320 and they OWED... that's an important word. 343 00:26:15,360 --> 00:26:18,400 They OWED a lot of that to Edward Crump. 344 00:26:19,680 --> 00:26:24,920 Joe Lowry is a historian who has extensively researched Edward Crump 345 00:26:24,960 --> 00:26:28,040 and his unorthodox operations. 346 00:26:29,280 --> 00:26:32,280 He was a tremendous man of vision 347 00:26:32,320 --> 00:26:37,160 but the way he went about gaining what he gained... 348 00:26:37,200 --> 00:26:41,040 was different than any other mayor that we ever had here. 349 00:26:42,080 --> 00:26:46,440 The idea was that citizens had more autonomy and power 350 00:26:46,480 --> 00:26:47,640 and influence in politics. 351 00:26:47,680 --> 00:26:50,760 They voted for the mayor, but they also voted for the heads 352 00:26:50,800 --> 00:26:53,440 of various commissions like police and fire. 353 00:26:53,480 --> 00:26:58,240 The belief was that this would lead to less corruption, 354 00:26:58,280 --> 00:27:00,120 you know, more efficient government 355 00:27:00,160 --> 00:27:02,520 but Crump had other plans. 356 00:27:03,560 --> 00:27:07,000 He realised that all he really needed to do to control the city 357 00:27:07,040 --> 00:27:10,120 was ensure that HIS people were elected to these commission roles 358 00:27:10,160 --> 00:27:14,680 and he would control the budgets, the hiring, the firing 359 00:27:14,720 --> 00:27:15,880 and even the police. 360 00:27:17,040 --> 00:27:21,800 The mayor grew his network of trusted lieutenants in key positions. 361 00:27:23,360 --> 00:27:26,960 It became known as the Crump Political Machine. 362 00:27:28,680 --> 00:27:33,360 This building became an extension of Crump's political machine 363 00:27:33,400 --> 00:27:35,680 and he used the force like his personal staff. 364 00:27:35,720 --> 00:27:39,000 They were expected to help him campaign, register voters, 365 00:27:39,040 --> 00:27:40,840 and even drive citizens to the polls 366 00:27:40,880 --> 00:27:43,600 to make sure that they voted for the right candidate 367 00:27:43,640 --> 00:27:46,480 and this was all done on their own time and without pay. 368 00:27:47,520 --> 00:27:49,920 Any police who didn't agree with what he was doing 369 00:27:49,960 --> 00:27:54,200 would find themselves passed over for promotion, given worse duties, 370 00:27:54,240 --> 00:27:56,240 OR fired under some pretext. 371 00:27:57,960 --> 00:28:01,240 They intimidated and imprisoned journalists, 372 00:28:01,280 --> 00:28:04,280 fabricated charges against Crump's enemies 373 00:28:04,320 --> 00:28:07,040 and enforced the mayor's dubious views. 374 00:28:08,880 --> 00:28:15,160 Crump used his police department to influence white rule... 375 00:28:15,200 --> 00:28:17,680 and they did it at the end of a nightstick. 376 00:28:17,720 --> 00:28:20,760 Mr Crump was a white supremacist, 377 00:28:20,800 --> 00:28:22,520 he was a segregationist, 378 00:28:23,600 --> 00:28:29,440 he ran Memphis just exactly like a small plantation 379 00:28:29,480 --> 00:28:31,080 and he was the master. 380 00:28:31,120 --> 00:28:37,920 Everybody, judges... department heads...State judges... 381 00:28:38,960 --> 00:28:41,480 ..all were taking their orders from the Machine. 382 00:28:43,320 --> 00:28:47,000 This guy had absolute, total power. 383 00:28:49,200 --> 00:28:53,720 And Crump's ambition spread far beyond Memphis. 384 00:28:53,760 --> 00:28:57,480 In 1931, he was elected to the US Congress 385 00:28:57,520 --> 00:29:03,840 and became a close ally of future Democrat President Franklin D Roosevelt. 386 00:29:03,880 --> 00:29:08,040 When he would go to Washington, Roosevelt had a standing order 387 00:29:08,080 --> 00:29:11,080 that if Mr Crump came, he didn't need an appointment 388 00:29:11,120 --> 00:29:15,880 because he knew that Crump was that powerful and could bring the votes. 389 00:29:17,720 --> 00:29:21,360 But Crump always kept a close eye on his home town. 390 00:29:22,920 --> 00:29:28,760 In 1937, Crump made sure that his longtime ally, Joe Boyle, 391 00:29:28,800 --> 00:29:32,800 was appointed to the position of a police commissioner, 392 00:29:32,840 --> 00:29:35,680 mostly because Boyle would do his bidding. 393 00:29:36,800 --> 00:29:42,640 Every decision made by the police department was made by Mr Crump 394 00:29:42,680 --> 00:29:46,480 through his police chief and his police commissioner. 395 00:29:47,680 --> 00:29:49,560 Crump liked the way he did things 396 00:29:49,600 --> 00:29:51,960 because Joe Boyle was an aggressive bully. 397 00:29:52,000 --> 00:29:56,160 There were numerous reporters that had their cameras broken 398 00:29:56,200 --> 00:29:58,760 and they were beat down because they wrote something 399 00:29:58,800 --> 00:30:00,120 that they shouldn't write. 400 00:30:01,360 --> 00:30:05,720 But in the 1940s, Crump's absolute control was challenged 401 00:30:05,760 --> 00:30:09,120 and he would go to great lengths to maintain his grip on power. 402 00:30:10,400 --> 00:30:14,200 That challenge came from an entrepreneur and Republican organiser 403 00:30:14,240 --> 00:30:17,440 who would not kowtow to Crump's regime. 404 00:30:19,240 --> 00:30:20,800 JB Martin was a successful 405 00:30:20,840 --> 00:30:22,560 black businessman in Memphis. 406 00:30:22,600 --> 00:30:25,080 He owned a successful drugstore 407 00:30:25,120 --> 00:30:28,520 and also was the owner of the Memphis Red Sox. 408 00:30:29,600 --> 00:30:34,840 Doctor Martin made an enemy of Crump by supporting his political opponent. 409 00:30:36,640 --> 00:30:41,200 Campaigning for the Republican candidate in the upcoming presidential elections, 410 00:30:41,240 --> 00:30:45,760 he was putting himself at odds with Crump and his political machine. 411 00:30:45,800 --> 00:30:47,960 Consequences would be life changing. 412 00:30:50,760 --> 00:30:56,440 Mr Crump realised that Doctor Martin was one of those guys that you wanted to follow. 413 00:30:56,480 --> 00:31:00,360 He was a guy that you respected 414 00:31:00,400 --> 00:31:03,600 because of his knowledge and because of his character. 415 00:31:04,640 --> 00:31:08,880 He dispatched his loyal deputies to PERSUADE Doctor Martin 416 00:31:08,920 --> 00:31:10,400 to renounce his support 417 00:31:10,440 --> 00:31:14,680 of the Republican presidential candidate and Crump opponent. 418 00:31:16,320 --> 00:31:20,560 They went to him and they told him, "Do not support that candidate." 419 00:31:20,600 --> 00:31:25,000 And he basically told them what they could do with themselves. 420 00:31:27,200 --> 00:31:30,040 Realising that he couldn't be threatened... 421 00:31:30,080 --> 00:31:31,240 Crump used his man, 422 00:31:31,280 --> 00:31:34,400 Police Commissioner Boyle, to do his dirty work. 423 00:31:34,440 --> 00:31:36,800 From his office in this building, 424 00:31:36,840 --> 00:31:40,320 Boyle accused Martin of selling illegal drugs 425 00:31:40,360 --> 00:31:43,560 and ordered two policemen to stand in front of his drugstore all day. 426 00:31:44,840 --> 00:31:48,760 Police searched everyone going in and out of Martin's store, 427 00:31:48,800 --> 00:31:51,560 including kindergarteners who were buying ice cream. 428 00:31:53,360 --> 00:31:56,600 Eventually, people just didn't really want to go 429 00:31:56,640 --> 00:31:59,760 and so they just basically put him out of business 430 00:31:59,800 --> 00:32:01,360 and they ran him out of town. 431 00:32:01,400 --> 00:32:03,520 He went to Chicago. 432 00:32:03,560 --> 00:32:08,880 Doctor Martin's crucial support for Crump's political opponent had been crushed. 433 00:32:10,280 --> 00:32:15,000 It just goes to show you the power and control Crump had. 434 00:32:16,000 --> 00:32:18,960 It was more like a dictatorship, actually. 435 00:32:20,200 --> 00:32:22,560 Crump's grip over the city continued 436 00:32:22,600 --> 00:32:27,000 right up until the day he died on October 16th, 1954. 437 00:32:28,040 --> 00:32:31,520 Only then did his political machine grind to a halt. 438 00:32:32,560 --> 00:32:37,120 After Crump's death, the Memphis police force continued to grow. 439 00:32:38,280 --> 00:32:41,960 This was certainly still an impressive building to work in, 440 00:32:42,000 --> 00:32:45,720 but it wasn't really built for an ever expanding police force. 441 00:32:47,400 --> 00:32:50,920 By the 1980s, the police station was getting overcrowded and tired, 442 00:32:50,960 --> 00:32:52,640 in need of renovation. 443 00:32:52,680 --> 00:32:55,880 So, in 1982, it was finally shuttered. 444 00:32:56,920 --> 00:32:59,800 For more than 40 years, it has sat dormant. 445 00:33:05,720 --> 00:33:11,680 Today, while the former Memphis police headquarters faces an uncertain future, 446 00:33:11,720 --> 00:33:17,040 the complex legacy of E H Crump continues to be felt across the city. 447 00:33:19,080 --> 00:33:23,920 He had such a command... of administration... 448 00:33:23,960 --> 00:33:25,480 and how to use people. 449 00:33:27,000 --> 00:33:29,880 When you have that, you can do anything. 450 00:33:30,920 --> 00:33:32,040 And he did. 451 00:33:39,840 --> 00:33:44,400 In southern Argentina lies a remote coastal settlement 452 00:33:44,440 --> 00:33:48,840 that served as the backdrop for an unlikely global showdown. 453 00:33:52,800 --> 00:33:56,960 On the edge of town, there is this long airstrip, 454 00:33:57,000 --> 00:34:00,560 and then in the distance you see what looks like mounds of earth 455 00:34:00,600 --> 00:34:03,360 but there's actually something under them. 456 00:34:03,400 --> 00:34:05,320 They're entirely bare inside. 457 00:34:05,360 --> 00:34:10,000 There's no sign of any furnishings, just these huge curved roofs. 458 00:34:11,160 --> 00:34:14,720 These don't look like airport buildings. 459 00:34:14,760 --> 00:34:18,280 These look like something much chunkier. 460 00:34:19,560 --> 00:34:23,360 This quiet facility and the people living nearby, 461 00:34:23,400 --> 00:34:27,440 were plunged into a war that no-one thought they could win. 462 00:34:30,520 --> 00:34:35,400 An armada of warships and aircraft carriers set sail from Europe 463 00:34:35,440 --> 00:34:40,080 to this far-flung corner of the South Atlantic Ocean. 464 00:34:40,120 --> 00:34:41,400 This was a mobilisation, 465 00:34:41,440 --> 00:34:44,760 the likes of which the country hadn't seen since World War II. 466 00:34:46,360 --> 00:34:54,240 This spot is going to become a piece of key terrain in a confrontation 467 00:34:54,280 --> 00:35:00,400 that will pit a regional power against a world power. 468 00:35:09,440 --> 00:35:13,840 Argentinians like Alejandro Granero lived through a time 469 00:35:13,880 --> 00:35:17,320 when his country faced severe economic problems. 470 00:35:19,280 --> 00:35:21,720 HE SPEAKS SPANISH 471 00:35:26,440 --> 00:35:31,600 In the late 1970s, Argentina's military junta looked to war 472 00:35:31,640 --> 00:35:36,560 to distract its discontented public from the government's failings. 473 00:35:36,600 --> 00:35:38,600 HE SPEAKS SPANISH 474 00:35:50,960 --> 00:35:55,560 Successful diplomatic intervention averted war with Chile 475 00:35:55,600 --> 00:36:00,000 but by the 1980s, when a new military leader came to power, 476 00:36:00,040 --> 00:36:02,720 Argentina's woes had still not abated. 477 00:36:03,920 --> 00:36:07,880 In 1982, General Galtieri realises that the Falklands present 478 00:36:07,920 --> 00:36:10,480 a very enticing opportunity for him. 479 00:36:11,520 --> 00:36:16,320 But the Falklands had been a British overseas territory since the 1800s. 480 00:36:16,360 --> 00:36:20,080 They valued its potential resources and strategic position 481 00:36:20,120 --> 00:36:22,160 over sea routes. 482 00:36:22,200 --> 00:36:25,560 Its 2,000-odd islanders considered themselves British, 483 00:36:25,600 --> 00:36:28,800 but Argentina had long disputed control. 484 00:36:30,640 --> 00:36:33,200 On April 2nd, Galtieri launched 485 00:36:33,240 --> 00:36:36,320 a full-scale invasion of the islands. 486 00:36:36,360 --> 00:36:40,360 By many, it was seen as this grand nationalistic move. 487 00:36:41,800 --> 00:36:44,320 The Argentines are convinced 488 00:36:44,360 --> 00:36:49,040 the last thing the British are going to do is fight. 489 00:36:49,080 --> 00:36:52,200 Why would they? Right? I mean, it's over 8,000 miles away. 490 00:36:53,280 --> 00:36:58,480 US President Ronald Reagan tried to convince Britain not to fight. 491 00:36:58,520 --> 00:37:02,120 Even though the Americans were supplying intelligence, fuel 492 00:37:02,160 --> 00:37:05,600 and ammunition to the British behind the scenes. 493 00:37:06,800 --> 00:37:10,960 To the surprise of everyone.... 494 00:37:11,000 --> 00:37:15,840 ..and as the world watches in disbelief... 495 00:37:15,880 --> 00:37:21,320 a British task force is moving slowly 496 00:37:21,360 --> 00:37:24,080 to take the Falklands back. 497 00:37:25,760 --> 00:37:32,040 The Armada was made up of 127 ships carrying 25,000 British troops. 498 00:37:33,400 --> 00:37:38,000 The Argentinian junta rushed to fortify their positions on the islands... 499 00:37:39,120 --> 00:37:41,680 ..but they ran into a problem. 500 00:37:41,720 --> 00:37:43,800 The Falklands only had three airfields 501 00:37:43,840 --> 00:37:47,560 and none of them were big enough to support fast jets 502 00:37:47,600 --> 00:37:52,600 and so the Argentines had to launch their bombers and fighter jets from the mainland. 503 00:37:53,800 --> 00:37:57,080 This is Puerto San Julian Airfield... 504 00:37:58,120 --> 00:38:02,520 ..the closest point on mainland Argentina to the Falklands, 505 00:38:02,560 --> 00:38:04,400 more than 400 miles away. 506 00:38:05,600 --> 00:38:07,760 HE SPEAKS SPANISH 507 00:38:25,200 --> 00:38:30,680 Then, on the 1st May, 1982, the British task force arrived 508 00:38:30,720 --> 00:38:34,400 off the coast of the Falkland Islands. 509 00:38:34,440 --> 00:38:39,080 At the same time, pilots from Puerto San Julian took to the skies. 510 00:38:42,120 --> 00:38:44,720 HE SPEAKS SPANISH 511 00:38:48,720 --> 00:38:54,000 One day later, a British nuclear submarine responded with an attack 512 00:38:54,040 --> 00:38:56,840 that remains controversial to this day. 513 00:38:58,880 --> 00:39:06,240 HMS Conqueror is able to put weapons into the General Belgrano 514 00:39:06,280 --> 00:39:07,600 and sink it. 515 00:39:09,200 --> 00:39:12,680 The Belgrano was an Argentine Navy cruiser 516 00:39:12,720 --> 00:39:16,280 which had been bought from the US military. 517 00:39:16,320 --> 00:39:19,760 This was one of Argentina's key military assets. 518 00:39:22,680 --> 00:39:24,240 The Argentinians respond 519 00:39:24,280 --> 00:39:29,040 by bombing a series of targets around the Falklands. 520 00:39:30,760 --> 00:39:36,040 The Argentine Air Force pounds the British task force. 521 00:39:36,080 --> 00:39:38,400 Pounds it when it lands. 522 00:39:38,440 --> 00:39:40,360 Pounds it when it's at sea. 523 00:39:41,880 --> 00:39:47,280 All the people of Puerto San Julian could do was wait and hope 524 00:39:47,320 --> 00:39:49,960 that the pilots would return home safely. 525 00:39:50,960 --> 00:39:53,960 The residents would watch the fighter jets take off 526 00:39:54,000 --> 00:39:57,000 and then when the pilots came back, they would be counting each aircraft 527 00:39:57,040 --> 00:40:00,000 in the sky to make sure no one had been lost. 528 00:40:01,280 --> 00:40:05,480 It's a time that locals like Andres Kyle will never forget. 529 00:40:08,320 --> 00:40:10,920 HE SPEAKS SPANISH 530 00:40:18,400 --> 00:40:23,640 Over 45 days, the two squadrons based at Puerto San Julian flew 531 00:40:23,680 --> 00:40:26,760 more than 150 sorties against British ships. 532 00:40:27,800 --> 00:40:29,800 ALEJANDRO GRANERO SPEAKS SPANISH 533 00:40:42,520 --> 00:40:46,440 The Argentine Air Force is immensely successful 534 00:40:46,480 --> 00:40:48,760 at blunting the British attack. 535 00:40:51,440 --> 00:40:54,960 For a moment, it seemed the Argentinian underdogs 536 00:40:55,000 --> 00:40:57,600 MIGHT have the upper hand 537 00:40:57,640 --> 00:41:00,200 but the pilot's efforts would be in vain. 538 00:41:01,240 --> 00:41:05,960 The Argentine forces were not strong enough, 539 00:41:06,000 --> 00:41:09,120 those poor Argentine conscripts, 540 00:41:09,160 --> 00:41:12,800 freezing in trenches in the Falklands... 541 00:41:12,840 --> 00:41:13,960 they had no chance. 542 00:41:15,040 --> 00:41:22,280 The British Army manages to kill or capture all the Argentines. 543 00:41:22,320 --> 00:41:28,080 They surrender and the Union flag flew once again. 544 00:41:31,880 --> 00:41:34,240 The conflict lasted just 74 days 545 00:41:34,280 --> 00:41:39,080 and it cost the lives of 649 Argentines, 255 British 546 00:41:39,120 --> 00:41:40,960 and three Falkland Islanders. 547 00:41:43,400 --> 00:41:45,080 The British had regained 548 00:41:45,120 --> 00:41:48,040 their strategic foothold in the South Atlantic 549 00:41:48,080 --> 00:41:50,040 and, by the end of the year, 550 00:41:50,080 --> 00:41:53,960 the airfield at Puerto San Julian had been abandoned. 551 00:41:54,000 --> 00:41:55,320 After the conflict ended, 552 00:41:55,360 --> 00:41:58,280 the hangars were, basically, left to their own devices, 553 00:41:58,320 --> 00:42:01,760 and life in this sleepy port town went back to normal. 554 00:42:07,200 --> 00:42:11,080 Currently, the Falkland Islands are still in British hands, 555 00:42:11,120 --> 00:42:14,600 but, for many, the dispute remains. 556 00:42:14,640 --> 00:42:16,640 HE SPEAKS SPANISH 557 00:42:32,520 --> 00:42:34,520 Subtitles by Red Bee Media